Determination of the anxiolytic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava)

Abstract

The objective was to determine the anxiolytic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava) in mice. The plant matter was collected, dried, crushed and macerated with 70% ethanol for three days for its concentration. The quality control of the dry drug and the concentrated extract was carried out, to later carry out the phytochemical screening and identify the secondary metabolites present in the plant. The extract was then concentrated until it was dry and free of alcohol. To evaluate the anxiolytic activity, 30 male mice weighing 25-30 g and aged 2-3 months were used. 15% propylene glycol was used as a negative control, Clonazepam as a positive control and the extracts at concentrations of 25, 100, 200 and 300 mg/Kg. Unconditional tests were carried out, with the teams of: Light-Dark Room, Labyrinth in Elevated Cross and Open Field. The behavior of the mice in the different equipment was recorded for later processing in the ITOPI (Light-Dark Room and Elevated Cross Maze) and EMIS (Open Field) programs. The data were analyzed in the IBM® SPSS® statistics program version 22, determining that the doses of 200 and 300 mg/Kg present greater anxiolytic activity without affecting the locomotion of the biomodels.